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About

The Supreme Court of India (Hindi: भारत का सर्वोच्च न्यायालय) is the highes judicial forum and final court of appeal of India established under the Constitution of India, which declares it as the highest constitutional court and guardian of the Constitution.

The Supreme Court of India consists of the Chief Justice of India and 30 other judges. The Supreme Court has original jurisdiction, appellate jurisdiction and advisory jurisdiction.

As the highest Court of appeal, the Supreme Court acts as the highest appellate court in India which takes up appeals primarily against the verdicts of the High Courts and other courts and tribunals of India. The Supreme Court has extensive original jurisdiction in regard to enforcement of fundamental rights. It also acts as the court to hear disputes between various governments in the country. As an advisory court, the Supreme Court hears matters which may specifically be referred to it by the President of India under the Constitution of India. The Supreme Court also has the power to take cognisance of matters on its own. The law declared by the Supreme Court is binding on all courts within the territory of India.[2]

The Supreme Court of India possesses the power of constitutional review. The Supreme Court held its inaugural sitting on 28 January 1950. Prior to that, the Supreme Court used to function within the building of the Parliament of India

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